Class: Primary 4
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 8
Age: 9 years
Duration: 40 minutes
Subject: Physical and Health Education
Curriculum Theme: Physical and Health Education
Previous Lesson: Road Safety Guidelines For Pedestrians - Safety Education (Primary 4)
Topic: General Crashes On Road, Preventive Measures and Duties of Safety Agencies
Content/Learning Area: General Crashes on Road, Preventive Measures, Duty of Safety Agencies
Performance Objectives
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Cognitive Domain: Identify and describe different types of road crashes and their causes.
- Affective Domain: Demonstrate a positive attitude toward road safety and precautionary measures.
- Psychomotor Domain: Practice road safety measures during class activities.
- Social Domain: Discuss the importance of safety agencies in preventing road accidents.
Reference Materials
The following resources were used in planning this lesson:
- 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
- Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
- NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
- Online Information from: Sheriff Deputies – 9 Major Security Agencies in Nigeria
- Relevant Textbooks
Instructional Materials
The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:
- Road safety posters
- Flashcards of traffic signs
- A toy car to demonstrate road safety practices
- Short videos on road safety and accidents
Rationale for the Lesson
This lesson helps pupils understand the causes of road crashes, learn how to prevent them, and recognize the important roles of safety agencies. It aims to promote road safety awareness and responsible behavior on the road.
Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge
Pupils should have prior knowledge of basic traffic signs and general safety practices at school or home.
Lesson Content
General Crashes on the Road
Road crashes refer to accidents that occur on the roads due to factors such as human error, mechanical failure, and poor road conditions. These crashes can involve vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists, and they can result in injury or loss of life.
Causes of Road Crashes
- Driver Distraction: This happens when drivers are not fully focused on the road. Distractions may come from mobile phones, loud music, or talking to passengers.
- Over-speeding: Driving faster than the speed limit is dangerous, as it reduces the driver’s ability to stop quickly in an emergency.
- Poor Road Conditions: Roads that are poorly maintained, with potholes or lack of proper road markings, can increase the risk of accidents.
- Weather Conditions: Rain, fog, or snow can make roads slippery and harder to see, leading to crashes.
Preventive Measures
- Obey Traffic Signs: It is important to follow traffic signals and road signs to prevent accidents. For example, stopping at red lights and following speed limits.
- Wear Seatbelts: Always buckle up when in a vehicle to reduce the risk of injury during an accident.
- Drive at Safe Speeds: Follow the speed limit and adjust speed based on road and weather conditions.
- Pedestrian Safety: Pedestrians should always use pedestrian crossings and wait for traffic lights to turn green before crossing the road.
Duties of Safety Agencies
Safety agencies play a vital role in reducing road accidents and maintaining road safety. Some of the key agencies include:
- Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC): This agency enforces road safety laws, helps in rescue operations, and educates the public on road safety.
- Police: The police help in controlling traffic and enforcing road safety laws to ensure order on the roads.
- Traffic Wardens: They manage traffic flow, especially in busy areas, and ensure that both drivers and pedestrians follow safety rules.
Teaching Methods
To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following methods:
Discussion, Lecture, Explanation, Visual Aids, Group Work, Role Play
Instructional Procedures
| Content Development | Time | Teaching Skills | Teacher’s Activity | Pupils’ Activity | Learning Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1: Introduction | 5 min | Set Induction | Teacher introduces the topic by asking students what they know about road crashes and safety measures. | Pupils share their thoughts and ideas. | Introduce road safety concepts. |
| Step 2: Causes of Road Crashes | 10 min | Explanation | Teacher explains the causes of road crashes using real-life examples and visuals. | Pupils listen and ask questions. | Understand the causes of road crashes. |
| Step 3: Preventive Measures | 10 min | Discussion | Teacher explains preventive measures and shows posters on road safety. | Pupils discuss and share ideas on road safety measures. | Learn how to prevent road accidents. |
| Step 4: Duties of Safety Agencies | 8 min | Explanation | Teacher explains the roles of safety agencies, such as FRSC, and shows images of their work. | Pupils ask questions and take notes. | Understand the role of safety agencies. |
| Step 5: Note Taking | 5 min | Instructional | Teacher gives time for students to copy notes on road safety. | Pupils copy notes in their books. | Record important information. |
| Step 6: Evaluation | 2 min | Evaluation | Teacher asks pupils to answer questions and do a brief review. | Pupils respond to questions and share ideas. | Assess comprehension of the lesson. |
| Step 7: Conclusion | 2 min | Cognitive | Teacher summarizes the lesson and reinforces key points. | Pupils reflect on the lesson. | Reinforce road safety knowledge. |
Lesson Keywords
- Road Crashes: Accidents that occur on the road.
- Preventive Measures: Steps taken to avoid accidents.
- Safety Agencies: Organizations that help in ensuring road safety.
- Traffic Signs: Symbols used to communicate road rules.
- Seatbelt: A safety device used to protect passengers in vehicles.
Lesson Evaluation
To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:
- Name two causes of road accidents.
- What are three measures to prevent road accidents?
- List two duties of road safety agencies.
- Why is it important to wear a seatbelt while driving?
Differentiation
The teacher will provide different learning materials to support varied learning needs, such as visual aids for visual learners, and simplified explanations for pupils who may need additional support.
Note for teachers using this lesson plan
Encourage pupils to participate actively in discussions and group activities. Use real-life examples to make the lesson more relatable and memorable.