Class: Primary 4
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 9
Age: 9 years
Duration: 40 minutes
Subject: Basic Science And Technology
Curriculum Theme: Physical And Health Education
Previous Lesson: General Crashes On Road, Preventive Measures And Duties Of Safety Agencies (Primary 4)
Topic: Road Traffic Crashes And Preventive Measures
Content/Learning Area: Road traffic crashes, Preventive measures
Performance Objectives
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Cognitive Domain:
Identify different types of road traffic crashes and their causes. - Affective Domain:
Appreciate the importance of road safety measures and develop a positive attitude toward following traffic rules. - Psychomotor Domain:
Demonstrate proper pedestrian behavior on the road using role-play. - Social Domain:
Work together in groups to identify and list safety measures to prevent road crashes.
Reference Materials
The following resources were used in planning this lesson:
- 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
- Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
- NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
- Online Information from: Wikipedia – Traffic collision
- Relevant Textbooks
Instructional Materials
The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:
- Visual aids (pictures of traffic signs, road safety posters)
- Model of a car and pedestrian (for role play)
- Chalkboard and markers
Rationale for the Lesson
Understanding road traffic crashes and preventive measures is crucial for ensuring the safety of individuals, especially young pedestrians. The lesson will empower students to recognize hazards and adopt safe practices while walking or crossing roads.
Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge
Pupils are assumed to have basic knowledge of traffic signs and the general importance of road safety from prior experiences or lessons.
Lesson Content
Road Traffic Crashes
A road traffic crash is an incident that occurs on the road involving vehicles, pedestrians, or both, resulting in harm to people or damage to property. Crashes can happen due to several reasons like speeding, poor road conditions, distracted driving, or negligence.
Causes of Road Traffic Crashes
Some common causes of road traffic crashes include:
- Speeding: Drivers exceeding speed limits increase the likelihood of losing control.
- Distractions: Activities like texting or talking on the phone while driving can cause crashes.
- Poor Road Conditions: Potholes, inadequate signage, and unclear road markings can lead to accidents.
- Drunk Driving: Alcohol or drug impairment affects a driver’s ability to make sound decisions.
Preventive Measures for Road Traffic Crashes
To prevent road traffic crashes, various safety measures can be followed by pedestrians, drivers, and road authorities:
- Follow Traffic Signs: Traffic signs guide both drivers and pedestrians on the correct behaviors to follow.
- Obey Speed Limits: Drivers should always stay within speed limits for safety.
- Pedestrian Crossings: Pedestrians should always cross at designated pedestrian crossings.
- Wear Seatbelts: Drivers and passengers should wear seatbelts to prevent injury in case of a crash.
- Avoid Alcohol and Drugs: Never drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
Role of Safety Agencies
Several safety agencies work together to prevent road traffic crashes:
- Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC): They educate the public on road safety, enforce laws, and help in accident prevention.
- Traffic Police: Traffic police officers control traffic flow and ensure drivers comply with road safety laws.
- Road Maintenance Workers: They ensure that roads are properly maintained to prevent accidents caused by poor road conditions.
Teaching Methods
To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following methods:
- Discussion, Explanation, Visual Aids, Role Play, Group Work
Instructional Procedures
| Content Development | Time | Teaching Skills | Teacher’s Activity | Pupils’ Activity | Learning Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1: Introduction | 5 mins | Set Induction | Introduce the topic by asking the class about road safety rules they know. Show pictures of accidents and ask questions. | Pupils share ideas and answer questions. | Understanding what road traffic crashes are. |
| Step 2: Causes of Traffic Crashes | 8 mins | Explanation | Explain common causes of road traffic crashes with examples. Show images related to speeding, distractions, etc. | Pupils listen and discuss causes with examples. | Identifying the main causes of road traffic crashes. |
| Step 3: Preventive Measures | 10 mins | Visual Aids | Discuss preventive measures and demonstrate with role play (crossing the road safely). | Pupils practice safe crossing behavior in groups. | Recognizing the steps to prevent road traffic crashes. |
| Step 4: Safety Agencies | 8 mins | Group Work | Discuss the roles of safety agencies and their contributions to road safety. | Pupils work in groups to list and present safety agencies. | Understanding the roles of different safety agencies. |
| Note Taking | 4 mins | Writing Skills | Instruct pupils to write down key points from the lesson. | Pupils take notes. | Reinforcing the lesson through note-taking. |
| Closure | 5 mins | Cognitive Closure | Review the lesson briefly, asking pupils to summarize key points on traffic crashes and preventive measures. | Pupils summarize the lesson. | Recapping the importance of road safety. |
Lesson Keywords
- Road Traffic Crashes: Accidents involving vehicles or pedestrians on the road.
- Preventive Measures: Actions taken to prevent accidents or injuries.
- Speeding: Driving over the speed limit.
- Pedestrian Crossings: Safe places for pedestrians to cross the road.
- Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC): A government agency responsible for road safety in Nigeria.
Lesson Evaluation
To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:
- What are the causes of road traffic crashes?
- List three preventive measures that can help avoid road traffic accidents.
- Name two safety agencies that help prevent road traffic accidents.
- Role-play how to cross the road safely.
Differentiation
The teacher will provide extra support to pupils who struggle with writing by asking them to draw and label road signs or traffic safety tips. More advanced pupils can help with role-playing scenarios.
Note for teachers using this lesson plan
Encourage pupils to practice road safety behaviors outside the classroom, such as using pedestrian crossings and wearing seatbelts.