Class: Primary 4
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 6
Age: 9 years
Duration: 40 minutes
Subject: Pre-Vocational Studies
Curriculum Theme: Agricultural Science
Previous Lesson: Causes Of Soil Fertility Reduction: Overgrazing And Leaching
Topic: Causes Of Soil Fertility Reduction: Erosion
Content: Erosion

Performance Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain: Define erosion and identify its causes.
Affective Domain: Explain the importance of controlling erosion in their environment.
Psychomotor Domain: Illustrate erosion using a diagram.
Social Domain: Discuss how to prevent erosion in their community.

Reference Materials

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum.
Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of Work.
NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work.
Online information from: Wikipedia – Erosion
Relevant Textbooks.

Instructional Materials

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

A chart showing examples of soil erosion.
A small soil sample for demonstration.
Pictures or videos of eroded land.
Drawing materials.

Rationale for the Lesson

Understanding erosion helps pupils recognize its impact on soil fertility and agricultural productivity. It equips them with knowledge to prevent environmental degradation in their community.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge

Pupils are familiar with the concept of soil fertility and have learned about overgrazing and leaching as causes of soil fertility reduction.

Instructional Procedures

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Content Development	Time	Teaching Method	Teaching Strategy	Teacher’s Activity	Pupils’ Activity	Learning Point
Step 1: Introduction	5 mins	Set induction	Question and answer	Ask pupils about their observations of bare land during rainfall.	Pupils share their experiences.	Erosion occurs when soil is washed away by water or wind.
Step 2: Explanation	10 mins	Direct instruction	Visual aids and discussion	Show pictures of eroded land and explain how erosion reduces soil fertility.	Observe pictures and listen to explanations.	Erosion removes topsoil, which contains nutrients vital for plant growth.
Step 3: Demonstration	10 mins	Demonstration	Hands-on activity	Demonstrate how water running over soil washes it away.	Observe the demonstration and ask questions.	Soil erosion occurs due to water, wind, and human activities like deforestation and poor farming methods.
Step 4: Note Taking	5 mins	Guided instruction	Writing practice	Guide pupils to copy the key points into their notebooks.	Copy the content into their notebooks.	Pupils understand the causes and effects of erosion.
Step 5: Evaluation	5 mins	Interactive session	Discussion and questioning	Ask pupils questions to assess their understanding of erosion.	Answer questions based on the lesson.	Pupils can explain erosion and its effects on soil fertility.
Step 6: Conclusion	5 mins	Summarization	Recap and discussion	Summarize the lesson and emphasize ways to control erosion.	Listen and ask questions for clarity.	Preventing erosion helps maintain soil fertility and promotes agricultural sustainability.

Lesson Content

Causes Of Soil Fertility Reduction: Erosion

Soil fertility reduction happens when the soil loses its nutrients and becomes unfit for plant growth. Erosion is one of the causes of soil fertility reduction.

Erosion is the process by which soil is carried away by wind, water, or human activities. This often results in the loss of the topsoil, which is rich in nutrients.

Causes of Erosion
- Water Erosion: Rainwater washes away soil on bare land.
- Wind Erosion: Strong winds blow away loose soil.
- Human Activities: Deforestation, overgrazing, and poor farming practices can lead to erosion.
Effects of Erosion
- Loss of soil fertility.
- Destruction of farmlands.
- Increased risk of flooding.

Lesson Evaluation

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

Define erosion.
List three causes of erosion.
Explain two effects of erosion on soil fertility.
Suggest three ways to prevent erosion in the community.

Note for Teachers Using This Lesson Plan

Encourage pupils to observe their environment and identify signs of erosion. Incorporate practical activities to make the lesson interactive and relatable. Happy teaching!

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Causes Of Soil Fertility Reduction: Erosion (Primary 4)