- Class: Primary 4
- Term: 2nd Term
- Week: 1
- Age: 9 years
- Duration: 40 minutes
- Subject: Basic Science Technology
- Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
- Topic: Human Body (The Mouth)
- Content: The feeding system, the teeth
Specific Objectives:
- Cognitive Domain: Pupils should be able to describe the functions of different types of teeth.
- Affective Domain: Pupils should develop an appreciation for dental hygiene and its importance.
- Psychomotor Domain: Pupils should be able to identify and name the different types of teeth in the mouth.
- Social Domain: Pupils should be able to engage in discussions about healthy eating habits and oral care.
Reference Materials:
- 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
- Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
- NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
- Online Information
- Textbooks
Instructional Materials:
- Diagrams of the human mouth showing different teeth types
- Real-life models or replicas of human teeth
- Interactive videos about dental health and tooth structure
Rationale for the Lesson:
Understanding the structure and function of the mouth and teeth is crucial for promoting good oral hygiene and health awareness from an early age. This knowledge is fundamental for everyday activities like eating and speaking.
Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge:
Basic understanding of body parts, especially the head and mouth.
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:
Content Development: Human Body (The Mouth)
| Content | Time | Teaching Method | Teaching Strategy | Teacher’s Activity | Pupil’s Activity | Learning Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Introduction | 5 min | Interactive Lecture | Direct Instruction | Introduce the topic and explain the content focus | Listen and respond to initial questions | Understanding the topic relevance |
| Discussing the Feeding System | 10 min | Group Discussion | Guided Discovery | Explain the feeding system, use diagrams | Participate in discussions, observe diagrams | Knowledge of the feeding system |
| Types of Teeth | 10 min | Demonstration | Inquiry-Based Learning | Show models or diagrams of teeth, explain types and functions | Observe, identify, and name different teeth types | Identification of teeth types |
| Oral Hygiene | 5 min | Lecture & Discussion | Participatory Learning | Discuss the importance of dental hygiene | Engage in discussion, ask and answer questions | Importance of dental health |
| Note Taking | 5 min | Writing | Information Organizing | Guide pupils in summarizing the lesson’s key points | Write down notes from the lesson | Summarization skills |
| Evaluation | 3 min | Question & Answer | Assessment | Ask questions related to the lesson | Answer questions based on the lesson | Assessment of understanding |
| Conclusion | 2 min | Summarizing | Reflective Learning | Conclude the lesson, emphasizing key points | Listen and internalize the conclusion | Recap of the lesson |
Classroom Note:
The feeding system
The human feeding system involves the mouth, including teeth, which help in the breakdown of food. Teeth are essential for cutting, tearing, and grinding food to aid in digestion.
Types of teeth
Incisors and Canines
Functions of Incisors:
- Cutting and slicing food: Incisors have sharp edges that help in cutting or slicing food items like fruits and vegetables.
- Biting into food: They are used to bite off pieces of food, making them the first point of contact during eating.
- Shaping food: Incisors help in shaping the food into a manageable size for chewing.
Functions of Canines:
- Tearing food: Canines are pointed and are used for tearing food, especially tougher textures like meat.
- Holding and gripping food: Their shape allows for a firm grip on food during the eating process.
- Assisting in the chewing process: Canines aid in breaking down food into smaller, more digestible pieces.
Importance Of Oral Hygiene
- Prevents Tooth Decay: Regular brushing and flossing help remove plaque.
- Avoids Gum Disease: Good dental hygiene helps prevent gum diseases like gingivitis, which can lead to more serious infections and tooth loss if untreated.
- Promotes Overall Health: Poor dental health has been linked to various health issues, including heart disease and diabetes.
- Keeps Teeth Strong for Life: Taking care of teeth from a young age helps ensure they stay healthy and strong into adulthood, preventing early tooth loss or dental complications.
- Boosts Confidence and Social Interaction: Healthy, clean teeth improve breath and provide a bright smile, boosting a child’s confidence and comfort in social situations.
Evaluation Questions:
- What are the main functions of incisors and canines?
- Why is it important to maintain good oral hygiene?
- Can you name the four types of teeth and their functions?
Note to Teachers:
Customize the lesson content, teaching methods, and pupil activities to suit your teaching style, curriculum, and available resources.
