Class: Primary 4
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 1
Age: 9 years
Duration: 40 minutes
Subject: Basic Science Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
Topic: Human Body (The Mouth)
Content: The feeding system, the teeth

Specific Objectives:

Cognitive Domain: Pupils should be able to describe the functions of different types of teeth.
Affective Domain: Pupils should develop an appreciation for dental hygiene and its importance.
Psychomotor Domain: Pupils should be able to identify and name the different types of teeth in the mouth.
Social Domain: Pupils should be able to engage in discussions about healthy eating habits and oral care.

Reference Materials:

9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
Online Information
Textbooks

Instructional Materials:

Diagrams of the human mouth showing different teeth types
Real-life models or replicas of human teeth
Interactive videos about dental health and tooth structure

Rationale for the Lesson:

Understanding the structure and function of the mouth and teeth is crucial for promoting good oral hygiene and health awareness from an early age. This knowledge is fundamental for everyday activities like eating and speaking.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge:

Basic understanding of body parts, especially the head and mouth.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:

Content Development: Human Body (The Mouth)

Content	Time	Teaching Method	Teaching Strategy	Teacher’s Activity	Pupil’s Activity	Learning Point
Introduction	5 min	Interactive Lecture	Direct Instruction	Introduce the topic and explain the content focus	Listen and respond to initial questions	Understanding the topic relevance
Discussing the Feeding System	10 min	Group Discussion	Guided Discovery	Explain the feeding system, use diagrams	Participate in discussions, observe diagrams	Knowledge of the feeding system
Types of Teeth	10 min	Demonstration	Inquiry-Based Learning	Show models or diagrams of teeth, explain types and functions	Observe, identify, and name different teeth types	Identification of teeth types
Oral Hygiene	5 min	Lecture & Discussion	Participatory Learning	Discuss the importance of dental hygiene	Engage in discussion, ask and answer questions	Importance of dental health
Note Taking	5 min	Writing	Information Organizing	Guide pupils in summarizing the lesson’s key points	Write down notes from the lesson	Summarization skills
Evaluation	3 min	Question & Answer	Assessment	Ask questions related to the lesson	Answer questions based on the lesson	Assessment of understanding
Conclusion	2 min	Summarizing	Reflective Learning	Conclude the lesson, emphasizing key points	Listen and internalize the conclusion	Recap of the lesson

Classroom Note:

The feeding system

The human feeding system involves the mouth, including teeth, which help in the breakdown of food. Teeth are essential for cutting, tearing, and grinding food to aid in digestion.

Types of teeth

Incisors and Canines

Functions of Incisors:

Cutting and slicing food: Incisors have sharp edges that help in cutting or slicing food items like fruits and vegetables.
Biting into food: They are used to bite off pieces of food, making them the first point of contact during eating.
Shaping food: Incisors help in shaping the food into a manageable size for chewing.

Functions of Canines:

Tearing food: Canines are pointed and are used for tearing food, especially tougher textures like meat.
Holding and gripping food: Their shape allows for a firm grip on food during the eating process.
Assisting in the chewing process: Canines aid in breaking down food into smaller, more digestible pieces.

Importance Of Oral Hygiene

Prevents Tooth Decay: Regular brushing and flossing help remove plaque.
Avoids Gum Disease: Good dental hygiene helps prevent gum diseases like gingivitis, which can lead to more serious infections and tooth loss if untreated.
Promotes Overall Health: Poor dental health has been linked to various health issues, including heart disease and diabetes.
Keeps Teeth Strong for Life: Taking care of teeth from a young age helps ensure they stay healthy and strong into adulthood, preventing early tooth loss or dental complications.

Boosts Confidence and Social Interaction: Healthy, clean teeth improve breath and provide a bright smile, boosting a child’s confidence and comfort in social situations.

Evaluation Questions:

What are the main functions of incisors and canines?
Why is it important to maintain good oral hygiene?
Can you name the four types of teeth and their functions?

Note to Teachers:

Customize the lesson content, teaching methods, and pupil activities to suit your teaching style, curriculum, and available resources.

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Lesson Note On Human Body – The Mouth (Basic 4)