- Class: Primary 4
- Term: 2nd Term
- Week: 2
- Age: 9 years
- Duration: 40 minutes
- Subject: Basic Science Technology
- Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
- Topic: Human Body (The Mouth)
- Content: The feeding system, the teeth – Social activities
Specific Objectives:
- Cognitive Domain: Pupils should be able to explain the functions of different types of teeth.
- Affective Domain: Develop an appreciation for dental hygiene and its role in health.
- Psychomotor Domain: Demonstrate proper tooth brushing technique.
- Social Domain: Engage in a group discussion about personal experiences with dental care.
Reference Materials:
- 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
- Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
- NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
- Online Information
- Textbooks
Instructional Materials:
- Diagrams of human teeth
- Tooth models
- Toothbrush and toothpaste
- Video on dental hygiene
Rationale for the Lesson:
Understanding the human mouth and teeth is crucial for maintaining oral health, which is integral to overall well-being. This lesson imparts knowledge about the teeth’s structure and function, promoting good dental hygiene habits.
Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge:
Basic understanding of body parts.
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:
Content Development: Human Body – The Mouth
| Content | Time | Teaching Method | Teaching Strategy | Teacher’s Activity | Pupil’s Activity | Learning Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Introduction | 5 min | Discussion | Inquiry-Based Learning | Introduce the topic and ask pupils about their teeth. | Pupils share their thoughts and knowledge. | Engaging pupils’ existing knowledge. |
| Explanation of the Feeding System | 10 min | Lecture | Expository | Explain the role of the mouth in the feeding system. | Listening and asking questions. | Understanding the mouth’s function. |
| Types of Teeth | 5 min | Interactive Learning | Collaborative Learning | Show models and discuss different types of teeth. | Identifying types of teeth in models. | Recognizing different teeth and their uses. |
| Dental Hygiene | 5 min | Demonstration | Skill Modeling | Demonstrate proper brushing technique. | Practicing brushing on models. | Learning proper dental care. |
| Group Discussion | 5 min | Group Work | Social Learning | Facilitate discussion on dental experiences. | Sharing personal dental care routines. | Valuing dental hygiene in daily life. |
| Note Taking | 5 min | Writing | Information Transfer | Direct pupils to take notes. | Pupils write down key points. | Ensuring retention of key concepts. |
| Evaluation | 2 min | Question & Answer | Assessment | Ask questions related to the lesson. | Pupils respond to questions. | Assessing understanding of the lesson. |
| Conclusion | 3 min | Summarization | Recapitulation | Summarize the key points of the lesson. | Listening and understanding. | Reinforcing the lesson’s main ideas. |
Classroom Note:
The Feeding System
The mouth is the starting point of the digestive system. It plays a crucial role in breaking down food through the action of teeth and saliva.
Types of Teeth
Premolars
- Premolars are located between the canines and molars.
- They have a flat surface with ridges.
- Their main function is to crush and grind food into smaller pieces.
- This makes it easier to swallow and digest food.
- They help in the initial process of breaking down food after it has been cut by the front teeth.
Molars:
- Molars are the largest teeth at the back of the mouth.
- They have a larger and flatter surface compared to premolars.
- Their primary role is to thoroughly grind and crush food.
- This is essential for proper digestion, as smaller food particles are easier to digest.
- Molars work together with the tongue and cheeks to ensure food is properly chewed before swallowing.
Importance Of Brushing Daily
- Prevents Tooth Decay: Regular brushing helps remove food particles and plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, thus reducing the risk of cavities.
- Combats Gum Disease: Brushing helps to keep the gums healthy, preventing gum diseases like gingivitis which can lead to more serious dental issues.
- Maintains Fresh Breath: Brushing cleans the mouth, removing bacteria that can cause bad breath.
- Promotes Overall Health: Good oral hygiene contributes to overall health, reducing the risk of certain diseases linked to oral bacteria, such as heart disease.
Evaluation Questions:
- What role does the mouth play in the feeding system?
- Name two types of teeth and their functions.
- Why is it important to brush your teeth daily?
Note to Teachers:
Customize the lesson content, teaching methods, and pupil activities to suit your teaching style, curriculum, and available resources.
