Lesson Note On Human Body – The Mouth II (Basic 4)

• Class: Primary 4
• Term: 2nd Term
• Week: 2
• Age: 9 years
• Duration: 40 minutes
• Subject: Basic Science Technology
• Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
• Topic: Human Body (The Mouth)
• Content: The feeding system, the teeth – Social activities

Specific Objectives:

• Cognitive Domain: Pupils should be able to explain the functions of different types of teeth.
• Affective Domain: Develop an appreciation for dental hygiene and its role in health.
• Psychomotor Domain: Demonstrate proper tooth brushing technique.
• Social Domain: Engage in a group discussion about personal experiences with dental care.

Reference Materials:

• 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
• NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
• Online Information
• Textbooks

Instructional Materials:

• Diagrams of human teeth
• Tooth models
• Toothbrush and toothpaste
• Video on dental hygiene

Rationale for the Lesson:
Understanding the human mouth and teeth is crucial for maintaining oral health, which is integral to overall well-being. This lesson imparts knowledge about the teeth’s structure and function, promoting good dental hygiene habits.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge:
Basic understanding of body parts.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:

Content Development: Human Body – The Mouth

Classroom Note:

The Feeding System

The mouth is the starting point of the digestive system. It plays a crucial role in breaking down food through the action of teeth and saliva.

Types of Teeth

Premolars

• Premolars are located between the canines and molars.
• They have a flat surface with ridges.
• Their main function is to crush and grind food into smaller pieces.
• This makes it easier to swallow and digest food.
• They help in the initial process of breaking down food after it has been cut by the front teeth.

Molars:

• Molars are the largest teeth at the back of the mouth.
• They have a larger and flatter surface compared to premolars.
• Their primary role is to thoroughly grind and crush food.
• This is essential for proper digestion, as smaller food particles are easier to digest.
• Molars work together with the tongue and cheeks to ensure food is properly chewed before swallowing.

Importance Of Brushing Daily

1. Prevents Tooth Decay: Regular brushing helps remove food particles and plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, thus reducing the risk of cavities.
2. Combats Gum Disease: Brushing helps to keep the gums healthy, preventing gum diseases like gingivitis which can lead to more serious dental issues.
3. Maintains Fresh Breath: Brushing cleans the mouth, removing bacteria that can cause bad breath.
4. Promotes Overall Health: Good oral hygiene contributes to overall health, reducing the risk of certain diseases linked to oral bacteria, such as heart disease.

Evaluation Questions:

1. What role does the mouth play in the feeding system?
2. Name two types of teeth and their functions.
3. Why is it important to brush your teeth daily?

Note to Teachers:
Customize the lesson content, teaching methods, and pupil activities to suit your teaching style, curriculum, and available resources.