Class: Primary 4
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 10
Age: 9 years
Duration: 40 minutes
Subject: Basic Science And Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
Previous Lesson: Measuring Volume Of Irregular Solids (Primary 4)
Topic: UNITS OF MEASUREMENT OF VOLUMES
Content/Learning Area: Comparism of volume of objects, Measurement of volume with standard units e.g 10 ml = 1cl..
Performance Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Cognitive Domain:
- Define volume and its standard units of measurement
- Convert between different units of volume (e.g., milliliters to centiliters)
- Identify the appropriate unit for measuring the volume of different objects
- Affective Domain:
- Appreciate the importance of standard units in volume measurement
- Show interest in comparing volumes of different objects
- Develop patience while measuring volume accurately
- Psychomotor Domain:
- Accurately measure volume using calibrated instruments
- Compare volumes of different objects using appropriate tools
- Demonstrate proper handling of measuring instruments
- Social Domain:
- Collaborate effectively with peers during group measurement activities
- Communicate findings clearly when reporting volume measurements
- Respect others’ observations during comparison activities
Reference Materials:
The following resources was used in planning this lesson:
- 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
- Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
- NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
- Online Information from: Wikipedia – Unit of volume
- Relevant Textbooks
Instructional Materials:
The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:
- Measuring cylinders (100ml, 50ml, 10ml)
- Calibrated containers of different shapes and sizes
- Beakers and measuring cups
- Containers with volume markings
- Water and colored liquid
- Various objects of different volumes
- Volume conversion chart
- Worksheets for volume measurement activities
- Pictures/charts showing standard volume measurements
Rationale for the Lesson:
Understanding volume measurement enables pupils to make accurate measurements in everyday life, from cooking to medicine dosage, developing their mathematical skills and scientific precision in a practical context.
Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge:
Pupils should already have knowledge of basic measurements, understand the concept of space occupied by objects, and have experience with simple comparisons of sizes.
Lesson Content:
Units of Volume Measurement
There are several standard units used to measure volume. The basic unit of volume in the metric system is the liter (L). However, we often use smaller units such as:
- Milliliter (ml): A very small unit of volume
- Centiliter (cl): Equal to 10 milliliters
- Deciliter (dl): Equal to 10 centiliters or 100 milliliters
- Liter (L): Equal to 10 deciliters or 1000 milliliters
Other volume units include cubic centimeters (cm³), which is equal to one milliliter.
Volume Conversion Between Units
Converting between different units of volume follows a systematic pattern:
- 1000 milliliters (ml) = 1 liter (L)
- 100 centiliters (cl) = 1 liter (L)
- 10 deciliters (dl) = 1 liter (L)
- 10 milliliters (ml) = 1 centiliter (cl)
- 10 centiliters (cl) = 1 deciliter (dl)
- 1 cubic centimeter (cm³) = 1 milliliter (ml)
When converting from smaller to larger units, we divide, and when converting from larger to smaller units, we multiply.
Comparing Volumes of Objects
We can compare volumes of objects in different ways:
- Direct comparison: For regular shapes, we can measure their dimensions and calculate their volumes.
- Water displacement method: For irregular objects, we can measure how much water they displace when fully submerged.
- Using calibrated instruments: Measuring cylinders, beakers, and other graduated containers can be used to measure and compare volumes accurately.
Practical Applications of Volume Measurement
Volume measurement is used in many everyday situations:
- Cooking and baking (measuring ingredients)
- Medicine (dosage measurements)
- Science experiments (precise measurement of liquids)
- Construction (concrete mixing, paint quantities)
- Shopping (buying liquids like milk, oil, or juice)
Market Measures vs Standard Units
In the market, vendors often use non-standard measures like cups, tins, or bottles. These can be converted to standard units by:
- Filling the market container with water
- Pouring the water into a calibrated measuring container
- Reading the volume in standard units (ml, cl, or L)
This helps us understand the actual quantity we are buying and ensures fair transactions.
Teaching Methods:
To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following methods: Discussion, Demonstration, Practical Activities, Guided Discovery, Explanation, Visual Aids, Group Work, Question and Answer
Instructional Procedures:
To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:
| Content Development | Time | Teaching Skills | Teacher’s Activity | Pupils’ Activity | Learning Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1: Introduction | 4 mins | Set Induction | Teacher shows two different containers and asks pupils which one they think holds more water. Teacher pours water from one container to another to demonstrate the concept of volume. | Pupils observe and respond to teacher’s questions about which container holds more water. | Volume is the amount of space something takes up or contains. |
| Step 2: Explaining Volume and Its Units | 7 mins | Explanation, Visual Aids | Teacher defines volume and introduces standard units of volume measurement using charts and actual measuring containers. | Pupils listen attentively, observe the measuring containers, and take notes on volume units. | Volume has standard units of measurement like milliliter (ml), centiliter (cl), and liter (L). |
| Step 3: Volume Conversion | 6 mins | Demonstration, Guided Practice | Teacher demonstrates how to convert between different units of volume using examples on the board and the measuring cylinders. | Pupils practice converting units by solving simple problems given by the teacher. | 10 ml = 1 cl, 10 cl = 1 dl, 10 dl = 1 L, 1000 ml = 1 L |
| Step 4: Comparing Volumes | 8 mins | Demonstration, Group Work | Teacher guides pupils to compare volumes of different objects and containers using water and measuring cylinders. | In small groups, pupils compare volumes of provided objects and record their findings. | We can compare volumes by measuring them with calibrated instruments. |
| Step 5: Market Measures | 6 mins | Demonstration, Discussion | Teacher shows common market containers (small cup, tin) and demonstrates how to find their equivalent volumes using standard measuring tools. | Pupils observe, discuss, and try measuring the volume of market containers themselves. | Market measures can be converted to standard units using calibrated instruments. |
| Step 6: Note Taking | 4 mins | Guidance, Supervision | Teacher writes key points on the board and guides pupils on what to note down. | Pupils write down important points about volume measurement in their notebooks. | Organized notes help in remembering key concepts. |
| Step 7: Evaluation | 3 mins | Assessment | Teacher asks evaluation questions and gives simple tasks to test understanding. | Pupils answer questions and perform simple measurement tasks individually. | Assessment helps confirm understanding of concepts. |
| Step 8: Conclusion | 2 mins | Cognitive Closure, Social Closure | Teacher summarizes the key points about volume measurement and its importance in daily life. Appreciates pupils’ participation. | Pupils listen to the summary and ask final questions if any. | Volume measurement is important in cooking, medicine, and many daily activities. |
Lesson Evaluation:
To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:
- Define volume in their own words
- Name three standard units used to measure volume
- Complete the conversion: 50 ml = ___ cl
- Explain one method of comparing volumes of irregular objects
- Demonstrate how to measure the volume of a small stone using water displacement
- State two everyday situations where volume measurement is important
- Calculate how many milliliters are in 2 liters
Differentiation:
Advanced learners will be given more complex conversion problems, while struggling learners will receive extra support with basic conversions. Visual learners will benefit from demonstrations, and kinesthetic learners will engage in hands-on measuring activities.
Note for teachers using this lesson plan:
Prepare all measuring equipment beforehand and check for leaks. Use colored water for better visibility during demonstrations. Emphasize safety when handling glass measuring cylinders. Consider bringing in common household items with volume measurements (milk carton, cooking oil bottle) to show real-world applications.