Lesson Note On External Parts Of Vehicles (Basic 4)

• Class: Primary 4
• Term: 2nd Term
• Week: 2
• Age: 9 years
• Duration: 40 minutes
• Subject: Basic Science Technology
• Curriculum Theme: Basic Technology
• Topic: External Parts Of Vehicles
• Content: Frame And Engine

Specific Objectives:

• Cognitive Domain: Pupils should be able to describe the functions of the frame and engine in vehicles.
• Affective Domain: Pupils should show interest in learning about vehicle parts.
• Psychomotor Domain: Pupils should be able to identify the frame and engine on a vehicle model.
• Social Domain: Pupils should collaborate to discuss and present the uses of the frame and engine.

Reference Materials:

• 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
• NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
• Online Information
• Textbooks

Instructional Materials:

• Pictures of vehicles
• Vehicle models
• Diagrams of vehicle frame and engine

Rationale for the Lesson:
Understanding the basic external parts of vehicles, such as the frame and engine, is fundamental in Basic Technology. It aids in developing an interest in automotive technology and engineering concepts at an early age.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge:
Basic understanding of vehicles and their general purpose.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:

Content Development: External Parts Of Vehicles

Classroom Note:

Functions Of Engine as External Parts of Vehicles

1. Power Generation: The engine converts fuel into mechanical power, which propels the vehicle forward or backward. It’s essential for moving the vehicle.
2. Energy Conversion: The engine transforms chemical energy from the fuel into kinetic energy. This process involves ignitions in the engine’s cylinders to create movement.
3. Driving Force: The engine provides the necessary force for other vehicle functions, like starting, stopping, and accelerating.
4. Controlling Speed: By adjusting the rate of fuel consumption, the engine controls the speed of the vehicle. Faster engine speeds lead to higher vehicle speeds.
5. Supporting Vehicle Systems: The engine also powers various systems in the vehicle, such as the alternator for electricity, the air conditioning compressor, and power steering.

Functions Of Frame As External Parts Of Vehicles

1. Structural Support: The frame provides the primary structural support for the vehicle. It holds together all the components, including the engine, transmission, and body parts.
2. Impact Absorption: In the event of a collision, the frame is designed to absorb and distribute the impact force, helping to protect the passengers and components within the vehicle.
3. Vehicle Shape and Design: The frame forms the basic shape of the vehicle. It influences the overall design, size, and layout of the car, truck, or other vehicles.
4. Mounting Point for Components: Various vehicle components like the engine, suspension system, and wheels are mounted on the frame. It acts as a base to which these parts are securely attached.
5. Weight Distribution: The frame helps in the even distribution of the vehicle’s weight. Proper weight distribution is crucial for stability, handling, and the efficiency of the vehicle.

Evaluation Questions:

1. What is the role of the frame in a vehicle?
2. Describe one main function of the engine in a vehicle.
3. Why is it important for a vehicle to have a strong frame?

Note to Teachers:
Customize the lesson content, teaching methods, and pupil activities to suit your teaching style, curriculum, and available resources. Encourage participation and make the session interactive for effective learning.