Class: Primary 4
Term: 3rd Term
Week: 9
Age: 9 years
Duration: 40 minutes
Subject: Basic Science And Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Technology
Previous Lesson: Sun, Fuel And Water Sources Of Energy (Primary 4)
Topic: Waves And Tide sources of energy
Content/Learning Area: Waves, Tide
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Performance Objectives
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Cognitive Domain: Explain how waves and tides can be sources of energy.
- Affective Domain: Show appreciation for the power of natural water movements.
- Psychomotor Domain: Draw or identify pictures showing wave and tide energy systems.
- Social Domain: Work in groups to discuss how wave and tide energy can help communities.
Reference Materials
The following resources were used in planning this lesson:
- 9 Years Basic Education Curriculum
- Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of Work
- NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
- Online Information from: Open Energy Information – Wave Energy
- Relevant Textbooks
Instructional Materials
The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:
- Picture charts of ocean waves and tidal movements
- Diagrams showing how energy is generated from waves and tides
- Videos or animations on renewable energy from water
- Model of a small wave or tide energy generator
- Flashcards with keywords
Rationale for the Lesson
To help pupils understand how natural movements of water like waves and tides can be used to produce clean energy for communities.
Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge
Pupils have already learned about the different types of energy sources and have basic knowledge of water bodies like rivers, lakes, and oceans.
Lesson Content
Waves and Tide Sources of Energy
Waves and tides are movements of water in the ocean. Waves are caused by the wind blowing over the surface of the water. Tides happen because of the pull of the moon and the sun on the earth’s water. These movements have strong energy that we can use to make electricity.
Wave Energy
Wave energy comes from the movement of water on the ocean surface. Machines called wave energy converters can capture the up and down motion of waves to produce electricity. This type of energy is clean and renewable. It works best in places with big and frequent waves.
Tidal Energy
Tidal energy is produced from the rising and falling of sea levels. This happens twice every day. Large machines called turbines are placed in areas with strong tidal currents. When the tide moves water in and out, the turbines spin and generate electricity.
Uses of Wave and Tidal Energy
Wave and tidal energy can be used to provide electricity for homes and factories, especially in towns near the ocean. These types of energy help reduce pollution and do not run out like fuel or gas. They are good for the environment.
Importance of Water-Based Energy
Energy from waves and tides helps to reduce the use of harmful fuels. It helps us keep our rivers and oceans clean. It also gives power to areas that may not have enough electricity. Using water for energy supports a healthy earth.
Teaching Methods
Discussion, Lecture, Storytelling, Explanation, Visual Aids, Group Work, Questioning
Instructional Procedures
| Content Development | Time | Teaching Skills | Teacher’s Activity | Pupils’ Activity | Learning Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1: Introduction | 5 mins | Set Induction | Tells a story of a coastal village that gets electricity from the sea. | Listen and respond to questions about the story. | Builds curiosity and connects topic to real life. |
| Step 2: What are Waves? | 5 mins | Explanation | Uses a picture chart to explain how waves are formed and how they move. | Observe pictures and ask questions. | Understands the cause and nature of waves. |
| Step 3: What are Tides? | 5 mins | Explanation | Shows animation to explain tides and their link to the moon and sun. | Watch and describe what they observed. | Learns what causes tides and how they occur. |
| Step 4: Energy from Waves | 8 mins | Visual Aids, Lecture | Displays a wave energy model and explains how it works. | Watch model demo and discuss how it can help us. | Understands wave energy generation. |
| Step 5: Energy from Tides | 7 mins | Storytelling | Shares story of a city that uses tidal turbines to power homes. | Listen and retell parts of the story in their own words. | Relates tidal energy to real-life applications. |
| Step 6: Uses of the Energy | 4 mins | Group Work | Divides class into groups to list uses of wave and tidal energy. | Discuss in groups and write down their answers. | Identifies and explains practical uses. |
| Note Taking | 2 mins | Writing | Guides pupils to copy lesson content neatly into their notebooks. | Copy notes correctly. | Develops proper note-taking skills. |
| Evaluation | 2 mins | Questioning | Asks pupils review questions from the lesson. | Answer questions orally. | Assesses understanding of topic. |
| Closure | 2 mins | Cognitive, Social | Recaps key points, praises group efforts, and links to next lesson. | Listen, share what they enjoyed most in the lesson. | Reinforces knowledge and social bonding. |
Lesson Keywords
- Waves: Moving water caused by wind.
- Tides: Water rising and falling due to the moon and sun.
- Turbine: A machine that spins to make power.
- Electricity: Energy used to power things like lights and fans.
- Renewable: Energy that does not run out.
Lesson Evaluation
To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:
- Explain what causes waves and tides.
- Mention two ways wave or tidal energy can be used.
- Draw or identify pictures of machines that use wave or tidal energy.
- Share one thing they learned about water energy in their group.
- Compare wave energy and tidal energy in one sentence.
Differentiation
Pupils with learning difficulties will be grouped with supportive peers and shown more pictures and videos to aid understanding.
Note for teachers using this lesson plan
Use real-life examples and visual resources to maintain engagement. Allow pupils to interact and share ideas in groups to deepen understanding.