Class: Basic 5
Term: 1st Term
Week: 4
Age: 10 years
Period:
Duration: 40 minutes
Date:
Subject: Basic Science And Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
Topic: WASTE AND WASTE DISPOSAL
Content:
- Types of Wastes
- Methods of solid waste disposal
- Method of disposing liquid waste
Specific Objectives:
By the end of the 40-minute lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Define Waste.
- List the proper ways to dispose of waste.
- State 3 types of waste and define each of them.
- List 3 methods of disposing solid waste and explain each of the methods.
- List 5 methods for disposing liquid waste and explain each of the methods.
Reference Materials:
- 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
- Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
- NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
- Course Book
- Online Information
- Textbooks (List your relevant textbook here)
Instructional Materials:
- Visual aids showing types of waste
- Whiteboard and markers
- Chalk and chalkboard
- Projector and screen (if available)
- Pen and paper for note-taking
- Models or props for demonstrating waste disposal methods
Rationale for the Lesson:
Understanding waste and its proper disposal is essential for environmental conservation, public health, and sanitation.
Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge:
Students are expected to have a basic understanding of their environment and the concept of waste.
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:
| Content Development | Time | Teaching Method | Teacher’s Points/Activities | Pupils’ Activities |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Introduction | 5 mins | Discussion | – Discuss what pupils understand by the term “waste.” | Participate in the discussion. |
| – Introduce the lesson’s topic: “Types of Wastes and Their Disposal.” | ||||
| Types of Wastes | 5 mins | Lecture | – Explain the eight types of waste, such as refuse, sewage, etc. | Listen and take notes. |
| Discussion | – Discuss the meaning and characteristics of each type. | Discuss the meanings. | ||
| Proper Waste Disposal | 5 mins | Discussion | – Discuss the importance of proper waste disposal. | Participate in the discussion. |
| – Explain the proper ways to dispose of different types of waste. | ||||
| Methods of Solid Waste Disposal | 10 mins | Lecture | – Define solid waste and explain what it includes. | Listen and take notes. |
| Discussion | – List and explain five methods of disposing solid waste, such as landfill, recycling, composting, incineration, and landfill gas recovery. | Discuss the methods. | ||
| Method of Disposing Liquid Waste | 10 mins | Lecture | – Define liquid waste and explain its significance. | Listen and take notes. |
| Discussion | – List and explain five methods of disposing liquid waste, including sewage treatment, land application, lagooning, and more, and their importance. | Discuss the methods. | ||
| Note taking | 5 mins | Note-Taking | – Have students take notes on types of waste, disposal methods, and proper waste disposal. | Take notes on the topic. |
| Evaluation | 5 mins | Question and Answer | – Ask pupils questions to assess their understanding. | Respond to questions. |
| Conclusion | 5 mins | Recap | – Summarize the key points about waste and its proper disposal. | Participate in the recap. |
Note to Pupils:
Waste
Waste refers to any material or substance that is no longer useful and needs to be discarded.
Proper Waste Disposal: It is the rightful way of disposing waste. It is essential to dispose of waste properly to protect the environment and human health. Some proper ways to dispose of waste include:
- Recycling: Reusing materials to make new products.
- Landfill: Burying waste in designated areas.
- Composting: Turning organic waste into nutrient-rich soil.
Types of Wastes
There are five types of waste and they are:
- Refuse: Refuse is waste material generated from homes and includes items like food scraps, packaging, and old items.
- Sewage: Sewage refers to wastewater from homes and industries, including human waste, soapy water, and more.
- Recyclables: Recyclables are materials that can be processed and used again, such as paper, plastic, and glass.
- Hazardous Waste: Hazardous waste is harmful waste that poses dangers to human health and the environment, such as chemicals and medical waste.
- E-waste: E-waste includes discarded electronic items like old computers, phones, and appliances.
Methods of Solid Waste Disposal
Solid waste includes materials like plastic, glass, and paper. There are 5 methods for disposing of solid waste and they are:
- Landfill: Solid waste is buried in designated areas.
- Recycling: Materials like paper, plastic, and glass are processed to make new products.
- Composting: Organic waste, like food scraps, is turned into nutrient-rich soil.
- Incineration: Waste is burned at high temperatures to reduce its volume.
- Landfill Gas Recovery: Gas produced by waste in landfills is collected and used as an energy source.
Methods of Disposing Liquid Waste
Liquid waste includes wastewater from homes and industries. It’s crucial to treat and dispose of liquid waste safely and responsibly. To protect water sources and public health, there are seven methods for disposing of liquid waste, and they are:
- Sewage Treatment: Here, Wastewater is cleaned and treated to remove pollutants before release.
- Land Application: Treated wastewater is spread on land for absorption.
- Lagooning: Wastewater is stored in lagoons for treatment.
- Discharge into Water Bodies: Treated wastewater is released into rivers or oceans.
- Evaporation Ponds: Wastewater is evaporated, leaving solids behind.
- Deep Well Injection: Wastewater is injected deep underground.
- Reuse/Recycling: Treated wastewater is used for non-drinking purposes.
Evaluation:
- Define waste.
- Explain the ways for proper waste disposal.
- List and briefly explain 3 types of waste.
- List and explain 3 methods of disposing solid waste.
- List and explain 5 methods of disposing liquid waste.
Note to Teachers:
Customize the teaching methods and activities based on your curriculum, resources, and students’ needs. Ensure active student participation and engagement throughout the 40-minute lesson.
