Lesson Note on Waste and Waste disposal (Basic five)

Class: Basic 5

Term: 1st Term

Week: 4

Age: 10 years

Period:

Duration: 40 minutes

Date:

Subject: Basic Science And Technology

Curriculum Theme: Basic Science

Topic: WASTE AND WASTE DISPOSAL

Content:

• Types of Wastes
• Methods of solid waste disposal
• Method of disposing liquid waste

Specific Objectives:
By the end of the 40-minute lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define Waste.
2. List the proper ways to dispose of waste.
3. State 3 types of waste and define each of them.
4. List 3 methods of disposing solid waste and explain each of the methods.
5. List 5 methods for disposing liquid waste and explain each of the methods.

Reference Materials:

• 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
• NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
• Course Book
• Online Information
• Textbooks (List your relevant textbook here)

Instructional Materials:

• Visual aids showing types of waste
• Whiteboard and markers
• Chalk and chalkboard
• Projector and screen (if available)
• Pen and paper for note-taking
• Models or props for demonstrating waste disposal methods

Rationale for the Lesson:
Understanding waste and its proper disposal is essential for environmental conservation, public health, and sanitation.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge:
Students are expected to have a basic understanding of their environment and the concept of waste.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:

Note to Pupils:

Waste

Waste refers to any material or substance that is no longer useful and needs to be discarded.

Proper Waste Disposal: It is the rightful way of disposing waste. It is essential to dispose of waste properly to protect the environment and human health. Some proper ways to dispose of waste include:

1. Recycling: Reusing materials to make new products.
2. Landfill: Burying waste in designated areas.
3. Composting: Turning organic waste into nutrient-rich soil.

Types of Wastes

There are five types of waste and they are:

1. Refuse: Refuse is waste material generated from homes and includes items like food scraps, packaging, and old items.
2. Sewage: Sewage refers to wastewater from homes and industries, including human waste, soapy water, and more.
3. Recyclables: Recyclables are materials that can be processed and used again, such as paper, plastic, and glass.
4. Hazardous Waste: Hazardous waste is harmful waste that poses dangers to human health and the environment, such as chemicals and medical waste.
5. E-waste: E-waste includes discarded electronic items like old computers, phones, and appliances.

Methods of Solid Waste Disposal

Solid waste includes materials like plastic, glass, and paper. There are 5 methods for disposing of solid waste and they are:

1. Landfill: Solid waste is buried in designated areas.
2. Recycling: Materials like paper, plastic, and glass are processed to make new products.
3. Composting: Organic waste, like food scraps, is turned into nutrient-rich soil.
4. Incineration: Waste is burned at high temperatures to reduce its volume.
5. Landfill Gas Recovery: Gas produced by waste in landfills is collected and used as an energy source.

Methods of Disposing Liquid Waste

Liquid waste includes wastewater from homes and industries. It’s crucial to treat and dispose of liquid waste safely and responsibly. To protect water sources and public health, there are seven methods for disposing of liquid waste, and they are:

1. Sewage Treatment: Here, Wastewater is cleaned and treated to remove pollutants before release.
2. Land Application: Treated wastewater is spread on land for absorption.
3. Lagooning: Wastewater is stored in lagoons for treatment.
4. Discharge into Water Bodies: Treated wastewater is released into rivers or oceans.
5. Evaporation Ponds: Wastewater is evaporated, leaving solids behind.
6. Deep Well Injection: Wastewater is injected deep underground.
7. Reuse/Recycling: Treated wastewater is used for non-drinking purposes.

Evaluation:

1. Define waste.
2. Explain the ways for proper waste disposal.
3. List and briefly explain 3 types of waste.
4. List and explain 3 methods of disposing solid waste.
5. List and explain 5 methods of disposing liquid waste.

Note to Teachers:
Customize the teaching methods and activities based on your curriculum, resources, and students’ needs. Ensure active student participation and engagement throughout the 40-minute lesson.