Class: Primary 4
Term: 2nd Term
Week: 1
Age: 9 years
Duration: 40 minutes
Subject: Basic Science And Technology
Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
Previous Lesson:
Topic: The Human Body: Types of Bones
Content: Long bones (femur, humerus), short bones (carpals, tarsals), flat bones (skull, ribs), irregular bones (vertebrae).

Performance Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive domain: Identify the major types of bones in the human body.
Affective domain: Appreciate the importance of bones in supporting and protecting the body.
Psychomotor domain: Point out the location of various types of bones on a model skeleton.
Social domain: Work collaboratively in groups to discuss the roles of bones in daily life.

Reference Materials:

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of Work
NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
Online Information from: Visible Body – Types of Bones | Learn Skeleton Anatomy
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials:

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

A model human skeleton
A chart showing the types of bones
Flashcards with bone names and functions

Rationale for the Lesson:

Understanding the types of bones helps pupils recognize the role of the skeletal system in support, movement, and protection. This knowledge is vital for understanding human anatomy and health.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge:

Pupils are familiar with the external parts of the body and their functions.

Instructional Procedures:

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Content Development	Time	Teaching Method	Teaching Strategy	Teacher’s Activity	Pupils’ Activity	Learning Point
Step 1: Introduction	5 mins	Set Induction	Visual aids	Asks pupils questions about body parts and introduces the skeletal system using a model.	Respond to questions and observe the skeleton model.	Bones are the framework of the body.
Step 2: Explanation	10 mins	Lecture	Demonstration	Explains the types of bones (long, short, flat, irregular) using charts and skeleton.	Listen attentively and take notes.	There are four types of bones based on their shapes.
Step 3: Exploration	10 mins	Discussion	Group work	Organizes pupils into groups to identify and discuss examples of bones on the model.	Identify and discuss examples of bones in groups.	Bones have different shapes for different functions.
Step 4: Note Taking	5 mins	Lecture	Guided learning	Guides pupils in copying the lesson note into their books.	Copy the note into their books.	Pupils understand the types of bones.
Step 5: Evaluation	5 mins	Questioning	Interactive	Asks questions to evaluate pupils’ understanding of the topic.	Answer the teacher’s questions.	Understanding is reinforced through questioning.
Step 6: Conclusion	5 mins	Summary	Reflection	Summarizes the lesson and emphasizes key points.	Reflect on what they have learned.	Pupils consolidate their learning.

Lesson Content:

The Human Body: Types of Bones

The human body is made up of many bones that form the skeletal system. These bones have different shapes and perform various functions. The four main types of bones are:

Long Bones: These are longer than they are wide and include the femur (thigh bone) and humerus (arm bone). They help in movement and support.
Short Bones: These are cube-shaped and include carpals (wrist bones) and tarsals (ankle bones). They provide stability.
Flat Bones: These are thin and flat, such as the skull and ribs. They protect vital organs like the brain and heart.
Irregular Bones: These bones have complex shapes, such as vertebrae in the spine. They provide support and protection.

Lesson Evaluation:

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

Mention the four types of bones.

Identify examples of each type of bone.
Explain the function of flat bones in the body.
Point out the femur and humerus on the model skeleton.
Discuss why bones are important to the human body.

Note for Teachers Using This Lesson Plan:

Ensure that the model skeleton and charts are clearly visible to all pupils. Engage pupils actively through questioning and group activities to sustain their interest and participation. Happy teaching!

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The Human Body: Types Of Bone (Primary 5)