Class: Primary 6
Term: 1st Term
Week: 4
Age: 11 years
Duration: 40 minutes
Subject: Pre-Vocational Studies
Curriculum Theme: Agricultural Science
Previous Lesson: Reasons for Preservation of Farm Produce
Topic: Methods of Farm Produce Preservation
Content: Sun Drying

Performance Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Cognitive Domain: Define sun drying as a method of preserving farm produce.
Affective Domain: Appreciate the importance of preserving food through sun drying.
Psychomotor Domain: Demonstrate the steps involved in sun drying farm produce.
Social Domain: Share their understanding of sun drying with classmates in group discussions.

Reference Materials:

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of work
NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
Online Information from Hobby Farms – 15 Ways to Preserve Your Harvest
Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials:

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

Samples of farm produce (e.g., maize, peppers)
A solar dryer or pictures of a traditional sun drying setup
Flashcards showing images of different drying processes
Whiteboard and markers
Relevant charts or illustrations of food preservation techniques

Rationale for the Lesson:

Understanding sun drying as a method of preserving farm produce helps pupils learn about food sustainability. This method is essential in preventing food spoilage, especially in areas where modern preservation methods are inaccessible. Pupils can also apply these concepts at home and in future farming activities.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge:

Pupils have learned the reasons for preserving farm produce in the previous lesson and may have seen or heard about drying food in their communities.

Instructional Procedures:

Learning Area: Methods of Farm Produce Preservation

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Content Development	Time	Teaching Method	Teaching Strategy	Teachers Activity	Pupils Activity	Learning Point
Step 1: Introduction (Set Induction)	5 mins	Discussion	Engage pupils with questions on food preservation methods.	Ask pupils if they’ve ever seen food drying under the sun. Explain why food is preserved.	Pupils respond to questions and share what they know.	Introduction to the concept of food preservation.
Step 2: Explanation of Sun Drying	10 mins	Direct instruction	Present visuals of sun-dried foods. Explain the process of sun drying.	Show examples of sun-dried foods and describe the process.	Pupils observe the examples and take notes.	Learn the method of sun drying for preservation.
Step 3: Demonstration of Sun Drying Process	10 mins	Demonstration	Show how food items are placed under the sun for drying.	Use actual farm produce or images to demonstrate the setup.	Pupils watch and mimic the process using hand gestures.	Understand how to properly set up food items for drying.
Step 4: Group Discussion	7 mins	Group work	Have pupils discuss the benefits of sun drying and its challenges.	Organize pupils into groups to discuss the pros and cons of sun drying.	Pupils share ideas and collaborate within their groups.	Reinforce the advantages and limitations of sun drying.
Step 5: Classroom Note-Taking	3 mins	Note-taking	Guide pupils to write the main points on sun drying in their notebooks.	Assist pupils in copying the classroom notes into their books.	Pupils copy notes and ask questions if unclear.	Reinforce learning through note-taking.
Step 6: Evaluation of Learning	3 mins	Q&A	Ask questions based on the objectives to check understanding.	Ask pupils specific questions about the method and benefits of sun drying.	Pupils answer questions and demonstrate understanding.	Assess pupils’ comprehension and ability to recall details.
Step 7: Conclusion and Summary	2 mins	Summary	Summarize the lesson by highlighting the key points about sun drying.	Recap the main benefits of sun drying for food preservation.	Pupils listen attentively and give final responses.	Consolidate understanding of sun drying.

Lesson Content

Methods of Farm Produce Preservation: Sun Drying

Sun drying is a method of preserving farm produce by exposing the items to direct sunlight. This process removes moisture from the food, preventing the growth of bacteria, molds, and yeasts that cause spoilage. Sun drying is commonly used for grains, vegetables, and fruits.

To sun dry farm produce:

Spread the food evenly on a clean surface.
Place the produce in direct sunlight.
Turn the items periodically to ensure even drying.
Protect the food from insects by covering it with a light cloth.

Lesson Evaluation:

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

What is sun drying, and how does it help preserve farm produce?

Mention two advantages of sun drying.
How do you set up farm produce for sun drying?
Describe one challenge of using sun drying to preserve food.
Why is it important to protect sun-dried food from insects?

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Methods Of Farm Produce Preservation: Sun Drying (Primary 6)