- Class: Primary 6
- Term: 2nd Term
- Week: 4
- Age: 11 years
- Duration: 40 minutes
- Subject: Basic Science And Technology
- Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
- Previous Lesson: Meaning and Effects of Friction
- Topic: Advantages and Disadvantages of Frictional Force
- Content: Advantages and Disadvantages of Frictional Force
Performance Objectives
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Cognitive Domain: Define frictional force and list five advantages and five disadvantages of frictional force.
- Affective Domain: Appreciate the importance of friction in daily life activities.
- Psychomotor Domain: Identify examples of frictional force during a class demonstration.
- Social Domain: Discuss how friction affects teamwork in games and sports.
Reference Materials
The following resources were used in planning this lesson:
- 9–Years Basic Education Curriculum
- Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of Work
- NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
- Online information from: BYJU’S – What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Friction?
- Relevant Textbooks
Instructional Materials
The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:
- A wooden block and sandpaper
- A smooth and rough surface
- Pictures of activities involving friction
- A video clip showing the effects of friction
Rationale for the Lesson
Understanding frictional force helps pupils recognize its advantages and disadvantages in daily life. This knowledge is essential for solving practical problems and improving efficiency in tasks like moving objects, driving, and sports.
Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge
Pupils are familiar with basic concepts of motion and have observed how objects slide or stop when pushed.
Lesson Content
Advantages and Disadvantages of Frictional Force
Frictional force is the resistance force that opposes the motion of objects in contact with each other.
Advantages of Frictional Force:
- It helps in walking by providing grip between shoes and the ground.
- Friction allows vehicles to stop when brakes are applied.
- It enables writing on paper using pencils or pens.
- It helps in lighting a matchstick.
- Friction between machine parts generates necessary heat for some processes.
Disadvantages of Frictional Force:
- It causes wear and tear of machine parts.
- Friction reduces the efficiency of moving objects by opposing motion.
- It generates unwanted heat in engines, leading to energy loss.
- Friction makes it difficult to move heavy objects over rough surfaces.
- Excessive friction can damage surfaces, such as tires or shoe soles.
Instructional Procedures
To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:
| Content Development | Time | Teaching Method | Teaching Strategy | Teacher’s Activity | Pupils’ Activity | Learning Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1: Introduction | 5 mins | Set induction | Question and answer | Asks pupils to recall their experiences of objects sliding or stopping when pushed. | Share their experiences. | Friction opposes motion. |
| Step 2: Explanation | 10 mins | Explanation | Visual aids | Explains frictional force using examples and shows images of activities involving friction. | Observe and listen. | Friction affects daily activities. |
| Step 3: Demonstration | 7 mins | Practical | Hands-on activity | Demonstrates friction using sandpaper, a wooden block, and smooth surfaces. | Participate in the demonstration. | Friction occurs between surfaces. |
| Step 4: Note-taking | 5 mins | Guided writing | Direct instruction | Guides pupils to write down the advantages and disadvantages of friction. | Copy notes. | Advantages and disadvantages of friction. |
| Step 5: Evaluation | 5 mins | Questioning | Interactive discussion | Asks questions to test understanding of the topic. | Answer questions. | Reinforce learning. |
| Step 6: Conclusion | 3 mins | Recap | Summary | Summarizes the lesson by reiterating key points. | Listen attentively. | Friction has pros and cons. |
Lesson Evaluation
To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:
- Define frictional force.
- List three advantages of friction.
- Mention three disadvantages of friction.
- Explain how friction helps in stopping a moving car.
- Describe one situation where friction is a disadvantage.
Note for Teachers Using This Lesson Plan
Ensure the demonstration is engaging by involving pupils. Encourage them to relate the concept of friction to their daily activities. Allow time for questions and discussions to promote understanding. Happy teaching!
