- Class: Primary 6
- Term: 2nd Term
- Week: 3
- Age: 11 years
- Duration: 40 minutes
- Subject: Basic Science and Technology
- Curriculum Theme: Basic Science
- Previous Lesson: Effects of Force
- Topic: Meaning and Effects of Friction
- Content: Meaning of friction, effects of friction, and frictional force.
Performance Objectives
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Cognitive Domain: Define friction and list five effects of friction.
- Affective Domain: Discuss the importance of friction in everyday life.
- Psychomotor Domain: Demonstrate the effects of friction using practical examples such as grinding stones or walking.
- Social Domain: Work collaboratively with peers during class activities to understand frictional force.
Reference Materials
The following resources were used in planning this lesson:
- 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum.
- Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of Work.
- NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work.
- Online information from: Britannica – Friction | Definition, Types, & Formula
- Relevant textbooks.
Instructional Materials
The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:
- Sandpaper.
- Grinding stones.
- Matchbox cars.
- Rubber shoes.
- Chart showing different effects of friction.
Rationale for the Lesson
Understanding the meaning and effects of friction helps pupils recognize its relevance in daily activities, such as walking, driving, or writing, and how it contributes to safety and efficiency.
Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge
Pupils have learned about the effects of force and can relate it to their experiences, such as pushing or pulling objects.
Lesson Content
Meaning and Effects of Friction
Friction is the force that opposes the motion of one surface sliding or rolling over another. This means that friction slows down or stops moving objects.
Effects of Friction:
- Slows down motion: Friction between car brakes and wheels helps slow the car down.
- Produces heat: Rubbing hands together generates warmth due to friction.
- Wears surfaces: Constant friction on shoe soles makes them wear out.
- Enables grip: Friction allows us to hold objects securely, like a pen while writing.
- Affects efficiency: Machines may require oiling to reduce friction and work more smoothly.
Instructional Procedures
To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:
| Content Development | Time | Teaching Method | Teaching Strategy | Teacher’s Activity | Pupils’ Activity | Learning Point |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step 1: Introduction | 5 mins | Set Induction | Direct Questioning | The teacher asks pupils about activities like walking or writing and relates them to friction. | Pupils respond to questions and share experiences. | Friction is part of everyday life. |
| Step 2: Explanation | 10 mins | Expository | Demonstration | The teacher explains the meaning of friction and demonstrates using grinding stones or matchbox cars. | Pupils observe and listen attentively. | Friction opposes motion. |
| Step 3: Examples | 10 mins | Interactive | Group Work | The teacher guides pupils to demonstrate effects of friction using items like rubber shoes or sandpaper. | Pupils participate actively in group activities. | Friction can slow, grip, or produce heat. |
| Step 4: Note-Taking | 5 mins | Guided Writing | Class Discussion | The teacher writes key points on the board for pupils to copy into their notebooks. | Pupils copy notes into their books. | Key facts are recorded for reference. |
| Step 5: Evaluation | 5 mins | Oral Questions | Individual Assessment | The teacher asks questions to assess pupils’ understanding of friction and its effects. | Pupils answer questions orally. | Friction has measurable effects. |
| Step 6: Conclusion | 5 mins | Recap | Discussion | The teacher summarizes the lesson and links it to real-life applications. | Pupils share what they learned in class. | Friction plays important roles in life. |
Lesson Evaluation
To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:
- Define friction.
- List three effects of friction.
- Give two examples of activities where friction is helpful.
- Demonstrate one effect of friction using provided materials.
Note for Teachers Using This Lesson Plan
Encourage active participation by using real-life examples pupils can relate to, such as walking or cycling. Always ensure safety during demonstrations. Happy teaching!
