Definition And Types Of Stitches (Primary 6)

• Class: Primary 6
• Term: 1st Term
• Week: 6
• Age: 11 years
• Duration: 40 minutes
• Subject: Pre-Vocational Studies
• Curriculum Theme: Home Economics
• Previous Lesson: Steps In Cleaning The Classroom Environment
• Topic: Definition And Types Of Stitches
• Content: Temporary, permanent, and decorative stitches

Performance Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• Cognitive Domain: Define stitches and identify different types of stitches.
• Affective Domain: Appreciate the importance of neat stitches in clothing and household items.
• Psychomotor Domain: Demonstrate how to make at least one type of stitch.
• Social Domain: Collaborate with peers in practicing stitching during group activities.

Reference Materials:

The following resources were used in planning this lesson:

• 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
• Abuja Educational Resource Centre Scheme of Work
• NAPPS National Unified Scheme of Work
• Online Information from Treasurie – Types of Stitches & Stitching- 35 Best Stitches for Sewing
• Relevant Textbooks

Instructional Materials:

The teacher will teach this lesson with the aid of:

• Samples of fabric
• Needles and thread
• Diagrams showing types of stitches
• Chart on the uses of different types of stitches

Rationale for the Lesson:

Understanding the definition and types of stitches is essential because stitching is a fundamental skill in sewing, repairing clothes, and other household tasks. It also helps develop fine motor skills and patience in children, skills that are useful in everyday life.

Prerequisite/Previous Knowledge:

Pupils are familiar with the use of basic tools like scissors, needles, and thread, having participated in classroom decoration and other hands-on activities.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

Learning Area: Definition and Types of Stitches

To deliver this lesson, the teacher will adopt the following steps:

Lesson Content

Meaning of Stitches

Stitches are loops of thread made with a needle that hold pieces of fabric together. They can also serve decorative or functional purposes on fabrics.

Types of Stitches

There are five main types of stitches, each serving a specific role and they include:

1. Temporary Stitches

Temporary stitches are stiches used to hold fabric together for fitting, adjustments, or testing before permanent stitching is applied. They are removed after serving their purpose.

Examples of Temporary Stitches:

1. Tacking Stitch: Tacking stitches are temporary stitches used to hold fabric in place before permanent stitching. They are easily removable once the final sewing is complete. There are several types of tacking stitches, four of the main ones are:
   • Even Tacking: Stitches are of equal length, used for temporary seams or to hold layers together evenly.
   • Uneven Tacking: Stitches are of different lengths, often used when one part of the fabric needs more support.
   • Diagonal Tacking: Stitches run diagonally across the fabric, helpful in keeping multiple layers in place.
   • Tailor’s Tacking: Loosely looped stitches used to mark specific points or patterns on fabric for cutting or alignment.
2. Basting Stitch: Basting stitches are Long stitches used to hold layers of fabrics together and prevent them from moving while you sew the permanent stitches.

2. Permanent Stitches

Permanent stitches are stitches designed to hold fabric securely and permanently. They are meant to stay in place as part of the final construction of a garment or fabric item.

Examples of Permanent Stitches:

1. Running Stitch: Basic stitch for seams, gathering, or simple repairs.
2. Backstitch: Strong stitch used to reinforce seams.
3. Overlock Stitch: Used to sew edges and prevent fraying.
4. Hemming Stitch: Used to finish edges or secure hems.
5. Chain Stitch: Creates a flexible, strong seam, often used in machine embroidery.
6. Whipstitch: Used to sew edges together or finish hems.

3. Decorative Stitches

Decorative stitches are used to enhance the appearance of fabric. They add designs or patterns, often used in embroidery and other ornamental sewing.

Examples of Decorative Stitches:

1. Embroidery Stitch: Adds decorative patterns on fabric.
2. Satin Stitch: Creates smooth, shiny patterns for decoration.
3. Feather Stitch: Used for delicate and intricate embroidery designs.

4. Functional Stitches

Functional stitches are used for specific purposes like binding edges or sewing hems. They provide structure and durability to fabrics.

Examples of Functional Stitches:

1. Hemming Stitch: Used to finish edges or secure hems.
2. Blind Stitch: Invisible stitch often used in hemming.
3. Buttonhole Stitch: Used to create strong edges around buttonholes.
4. Zigzag Stitch: Prevents fraying and secures fabric edges.

5. Finishing Stitches

Finishing stitches are applied to the edges of fabric to prevent unraveling and create a neat look. They are essential for garment finishing and preventing wear.

Examples of Finishing Stitches:

1. Overcast Stitch: Wraps around the raw edge to prevent fraying.
2. Serging: A multi-thread stitch that trims and finishes edges at the same time.
3. Pinking: Cut with pinking shears to create zigzag edges that resist fraying.

Each type of stitch plays a key role in creating well-made, durable, and often decorative fabric projects, ensuring that garments and items look great and last long.

Lesson Evaluation:

To evaluate the learning, the teacher asks pupils to:

1. Define the term “stitch.”
2. Name the three types of stitches discussed in class.
3. Explain the difference between temporary and permanent stitches.
4. Mention one example of decorative stitches.
5. Demonstrate how to make a running stitch.